Stronger Tolerance to Infection
A recent University of Arkansas study demonstrates that canaries on a high‑protein diet showed stronger tolerance to infection than those on a high‑lipid (fat) diet. When exposed to Mycoplasma gallisepticum—a common avian bacterial pathogen—the protein-fed birds exhibited milder symptoms, particularly reduced eye inflammation, indicating better disease tolerance.
Molecular Mechanics of Immunity
Blood analyses revealed that the high‑protein diet “primed” the birds’ immune systems. Even before infection, these birds showed elevated transcription of immune-related genes, making their bodies ready to fight off the pathogen. In contrast, birds fed a high‑fat diet only turned on those genes after infection, triggering a more delayed and intense response .
Why This Matters
This is the first study to trace how dietary composition influences infection tolerance at the molecular level in a wildlife species, according to co-author Erin Sauer. Given that humans feed birds through feeders, these results underscore how our food choices can shape disease dynamics in wild bird populations.
Practical Bird‑Feeding Tips
Co-author Erin Sauer advises mixing protein and fat sources in bird food to support avian health. However, Sauer cautions against providing only protein. Birds naturally adjust their diet to meet varying fat requirements, depending on season and energy needs.
The University of Arkansas study found that a high‑protein diet helps prime birds’ immune systems and reduces disease symptoms, marking a breakthrough in ecology and immunology. For backyard bird enthusiasts, opting for nutritionally balanced foods—rich in both protein and fat—can enhance bird health and resilience to infection.
