Researchers at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) have unveiled a groundbreaking biodegradable material derived from fungi, offering promising applications in sustainable materials science.
A Living, Edible, and Biodegradable Material
The innovative material is crafted from the mycelium—the root-like network—of the edible split-gill mushroom (Schizophyllum commune). Unlike traditional methods that involve extensive chemical processing, Empa’s approach utilizes the mycelium along with its naturally produced extracellular matrix. The matrix contains macromolecules like schizophyllan and hydrophobin that give the material strength and natural emulsifying ability.
Remarkably, the material is not only biodegradable but also edible, highlighting its potential for applications in food packaging and other consumable products.
Minimal Processing, Maximum Sustainability
Traditional biodegradable materials often face a trade-off between performance and environmental impact, as enhancing their properties typically requires chemical treatments. Empa’s method circumvents this by allowing the fungus to grow and form its own structural matrix, eliminating the need for additional processing. This results in a material that is both high-performing and environmentally friendly.
Potential Applications
The versatility of this living material opens doors to various applications:
-
Compostable Films: The material can be formed into thin, transparent films suitable for sustainable packaging solutions.
-
Moisture Sensors: Its responsive nature makes it ideal for developing biodegradable sensors in agriculture and environmental monitoring.
-
Edible Additives: Given its safety for consumption, it holds promise as a natural emulsifier in food and cosmetic industries.
Furthermore, Empa is exploring the integration of this material into biodegradable batteries, aiming to create compact energy sources with electrodes made from “fungal paper.”
